Blood in stool is commonly caused by piles (haemorrhoids) or anal fissures, but it can also be a warning sign of colorectal cancer. The two can look similar, so it is not safe to assume bleeding is due to piles without a proper examination, especially if you are over 40, have other symptoms or have a family history of bowel cancer.
Common Causes of Blood in Stool
- Piles (haemorrhoids)
- Anal fissure
- Colorectal polyps
- Colorectal cancer
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Infections
- Diverticular disease
Bleeding From Piles
- Bright red blood
- Blood on toilet paper or dripping into the pan
- Often painless
- May have itching or a lump near the anus
- Often related to constipation or straining
Bleeding From Colorectal Cancer
- Dark red or maroon blood, or blood mixed with stool
- Black, tarry stools in some cases
- May be hidden and only found on tests
Red Flag Symptoms
See a doctor promptly if bleeding comes with:
- Change in bowel habits lasting more than a few weeks
- Feeling of incomplete emptying
- Unexplained weight loss
- Tiredness or breathlessness from anaemia
- Abdominal pain or a lump
- Narrow, pencil-like stools
- Age over 40 to 45
- Family history of colorectal cancer or polyps
How Is It Evaluated?
- Digital rectal examination
- Proctoscopy: to see piles or fissures
- Colonoscopy: examines the full colon and allows biopsy or polyp removal
- Blood tests: to check for anaemia
- Stool tests: for hidden blood in some cases
Why Not Assume It Is Piles?
Piles are common, and people often delay seeing a doctor. But piles and colorectal cancer can occur together. Missing cancer can delay treatment. A simple examination and, when needed, colonoscopy give peace of mind.
Key Takeaways
- Blood in stool is often from piles, but not always.
- Dark or mixed blood may suggest a deeper cause.
- Bowel habit change and weight loss are red flags.
- Colonoscopy helps rule out cancer.
- Never assume bleeding is only piles without a check.
Final Thoughts
Rectal bleeding is a symptom that deserves attention, not embarrassment. Early evaluation often brings reassurance, and if cancer is found, early treatment works best. For colorectal assessment, you can consult Dr. Varadharajan, a surgical oncologist in Chennai.
